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Windows Server is the sixth version of the Windows Server operating system by Microsoft , as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems. It is the server version of Windows based on Windows 8 and succeeds Windows Server R2 , which is derived from the Windows 7 codebase, released nearly three years earlier. Two pre-release versions, a developer preview and a beta version , were released during development. The software was officially launched on September 4, , two months before the release of Windows 8.

Microsoft ended mainstream support for Windows Server on October 9, , and extended support will end on October 10, Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server has no support for Itanium -based computers, [5] and has four editions.

Various features were added or improved over Windows Server R2 with many placing an emphasis on cloud computing , such as an updated version of Hyper-V , an IP address management role, a new version of Windows Task Manager , and ReFS , a new file system. Windows Server received generally good reviews in spite of having included the same controversial Metro -based user interface seen in Windows 8, which includes the Charms Bar for quick access to settings in the desktop environment.

Windows Server , codenamed "Windows Server 8", [6] is the fifth release of Windows Server family of operating systems developed concurrently with Windows 8. Before Windows Server was finalized, two test builds were made public. A public beta version of Windows Server was released along with the Windows 8 Consumer Preview on February 29, The product was released to manufacturing on August 1, along with Windows 8 and became generally available on September 4, that year.

Windows Server Essentials was released to manufacturing on October 9, [14] and was made generally available on November 1, Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server can switch between " Server Core " and "Server with a GUI " installation options without a full reinstallation. Server Core — an option with a command-line interface only — is now the recommended configuration. There is also a third installation option that allows some GUI elements such as MMC and Server Manager to run, but without the normal desktop, shell or default programs like File Explorer.

Server Manager has been redesigned with an emphasis on easing management of multiple servers. Windows Server includes a new version of Windows Task Manager together with the old version. In the new Processes tab, the processes are displayed in varying shades of yellow, with darker shades representing heavier resource use.

Unlike the Windows 8 version of Task Manager which looks similar , the "Disk" activity graph is not enabled by default. The CPU tab no longer displays individual graphs for every logical processor on the system by default, although that remains an option. Additionally, it can display data for each non-uniform memory access NUMA node. When displaying data for each logical processor for machines with more than 64 logical processors, the CPU tab now displays simple utilization percentages on heat-mapping tiles.

Hovering the cursor over any logical processor's data now shows the NUMA node of that processor and its ID, if applicable. Additionally, a new Startup tab has been added that lists startup applications, [25] however this tab does not exist in Windows Server Windows Server has an IP address management role for discovering, monitoring, auditing, and managing the IP address space used on a corporate network. Both IPv4 and IPv6 are fully supported.

Upgrades of the domain functional level to Windows Server are simplified; it can be performed entirely in Server Manager. Active Directory Federation Services is no longer required to be downloaded when installed as a role, and claims which can be used by the Active Directory Federation Services have been introduced into the Kerberos token. Additionally, many of the former restrictions on resource consumption have been greatly lifted.

Each virtual machine in this version of Hyper-V can access up to 64 virtual processors, up to 1 terabyte of memory, and up to 64 terabytes of virtual disk space per virtual hard disk using a new. Major new features of ReFS include: [40] [41].

In Windows Server , automated error-correction with integrity streams is only supported on mirrored spaces; automatic recovery on parity spaces was added in Windows 8. Windows Server includes version 8. Windows Server supports the following maximum hardware specifications. Windows Server runs only on x processors. Unlike older versions, Windows Server does not support Itanium. Upgrades from Windows Server and Windows Server R2 are supported, although upgrades from prior releases are not.

Reviews of Windows Server have been generally positive. InfoWorld noted that Server 's use of Windows 8's panned "Metro" user interface was countered by Microsoft's increasing emphasis on the Server Core mode, which had been "fleshed out with new depth and ease-of-use features" and increased use of the "practically mandatory" PowerShell.

A second release, Windows Server R2 , which is derived from the Windows 8. Microsoft originally planned to end support for Windows Server and Windows Server R2 on January 10, , but in order to provide customers the standard transition lifecycle timeline, Microsoft extended Windows Server and R2 support in March by 9 months. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Server operating system by Microsoft released in Closed-source Source-available through Shared Source Initiative. This program allows customers to purchase security updates in yearly installments for the operating system through at most October 13, only for volume licensed editions. See also: Features new to Windows 8. Main article: Windows Task Manager. Main article: ReFS. Other editions support less.

Each license of Windows Server Standard allows up to two virtual instances of Windows Server Standard on that physical server. If more virtual instances of Windows Server Standard are needed, each additional license of Windows Server allows up to two more virtual instances of Windows Server Standard, even though the physical server itself may have sufficient licenses for its processor chip count.

Because Windows Server Datacenter has no limit on the number of virtual instances per licensed server, only enough licenses for the physical server are needed for any number of virtual instances of Windows Server Datacenter. If the number of processor chips or virtual instances is an odd number, the number of licenses required is the same as the next even number.

For example, a single-processor-chip server would still require 1 license, the same as if the server were two-processor-chip and a five-processor-chip server would require 3 licenses, the same as if the server were six-processor-chip, and if 15 virtual instances of Windows Server Standard are needed on one server, 8 licenses of Windows Server , which can cover up to 16 virtual instances, are needed assuming, in this example, that the processor chip count does not exceed In that case, the number of physical processors cannot exceed twice the number of licenses assigned to the server.

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